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PLANT ENCYCLOPEDIA

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White Mussaenda

White Mussaenda

Mussaenda philippica

Mussaenda philippica is a tropical evergreen shrub typically growing 1.5–2 m tall, with ovate, dark green leaves and showy white petal-like bracts surrounding small, yellow, tubular flowers. The bracts are the main ornamental feature, appearing in clusters from late spring to summer. The plant has a bushy, upright habit and glossy foliage that provides year-round interest.

blue candle

Myrtillocactus geometrizans

A shrubby or tree-like branching cactus, to 4m tall in its native Mexico, with bluish-green, ribbed stems. Between 5-9 spines arise from each areole. Older plants produce funnel-shaped, white or cream flowers in early summer

Golden Pothos

N/A

A versatile climbing plant with heart-shaped, glossy green leaves that often feature striking variegation in shades of yellow or white. It can trail gracefully from hanging baskets or climb up supports, adding lush greenery to indoor spaces. Its fast-growing nature and low maintenance make it a popular choice for beginners and seasoned plant enthusiasts alike. The main ornamental value lies in its vibrant foliage and ability to thrive in low-light conditions.

Nagi

Nageia nagi

Nageia nagi is an evergreen coniferous tree with opposite, broad, leathery leaves that resemble bamboo leaves. The crown is upright and dense when young, becoming broader with age. It is dioecious; the male and female cones are small and inconspicuous, and the seeds have a fleshy receptacle. Its glossy deep green foliage provides year-round structure and makes it useful as a specimen, screen or container plant.

sacred lotus

Nelumbo nucifera

A rhizomatous aquatic perennial with long-stalked, rounded green leaves to 80cm wide, and solitary, pink or white, water lily-like flowers to 30cm wide, borne on long stalks well above water level in summer

Ampullaria Pitcher Plant

Ampullaria Pitcher Plant

Nepenthes ampullaria

Nepenthes ampullaria is a distinctive tropical pitcher plant with leathery, elliptical leaves that terminate in unique, urn-shaped pitchers. The pitchers are typically green with reddish speckles, and the lid remains open to collect falling leaf litter, which supplements its nutrient intake. This species has a sprawling, climbing growth habit and forms dense clumps in its native habitat. Its primary ornamental value lies in the unusual, colorful pitchers that appear throughout the growing season.

catmint

Nepeta cataria

N. cataria is an herbaceous perennial forming a loose clump of branched stems with oval to triangular, greyish-green, toothed, strongly aromaticleaves that are highly attractive to cats. Small white flowers spotted with violet are borne in long, dense, terminal spikes from summer into autumn.

Lemon Button Fern

Lemon Button Fern

Nephrolepis cordifolia

Nephrolepis cordifolia, commonly called Lemon Button Fern, is a compact evergreen fern with arching, bright green fronds composed of small, rounded, button-like leaflets. The foliage is slightly lemon-scented when brushed or crushed. It forms a neat clump and spreads by slender runners and small tubers. It is prized as a houseplant or container fern for its tidy habit and year-round colour.

oleander

Nerium oleander

N. oleander is an evergreen shrub with narrowly lance-shaped grey-green leaves and terminal clusters of salver-shaped, pink, white or red flowers 3-4cm across, in summer

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white gaura

Oenothera lindheimeri

A bushy perennial with slender erect stems bearing small lance-shaped leaves and starry white or pink-tinged flowers in loose racemes in summer and autumn

common olive

Olea europaea

Has a rugged, much-branched habit and slow growth, eventually 4.5-9m. Leaves are narrowly obovate or oval, to 7.5cm long, leathery, silvery beneath. Very small white flowers are borne in axillary racemes to 5cm long. Many cultivated varieties have been developed from this species, some of which may fruit in UK under favourable conditions.

Drooping prickly pear

Drooping prickly pear

Opuntia monacantha

Opuntia monacantha is an evergreen succulent shrub or small tree whose flattened, pad-like stems (cladodes) are deeply ornamental. Its glossy, bright green pads bear areoles with one to three pale spines and many yellow glochids. Bright cup-shaped yellow flowers are produced from the upper margins of the pads in late spring through summer, followed by pear-shaped, red-purple edible fruits. The bold, sculptural silhouette makes it an excellent focal plant in a sunny conservatory, windowsill or cactus greenhouse.

oregano

Origanum vulgare

A bushy, woody-based, aromatic perennial sub-shrub with upright stems, 20-80cm tall with small, opposite leaves. Oval, dark-green leaves are approximately 3cm long. Bears panicle-like, loose clusters of small, 4mm long tubular pink flowers in summer and early autumn. The flowers are loved by bees and pollinators and the leaves are a popular culinary herb

creeping oxalis

creeping oxalis

Oxalis corniculata

A ground-hugging perennial with branched, creeping stems, small, clover-like leaves, varying from bright mid-green to dark red-purple. Small, yellow, five-petalled flowers are followed by upright, five-ribbed seed pods

organ pipe cactus

organ pipe cactus

Pachycereus marginatus

A large, upright cactus, reaching up to 15m in its native range but usually much smaller in cultivation. Stems are deep green, with 5-7 ribs edged with slightly woolly areoles that are often linked together creating a pale-coloured line down the rib. Areoles bear short spines, and on mature plants produce nocturnal white, pink or purple flowers in spring, followed by round reddish fruits. Young plants are often single-stemmed, only branching at the base as they mature

Dense-flowered Pachypodium

Dense-flowered Pachypodium

Pachypodium densiflorum

Pachypodium densiflorum is a slow-growing succulent shrub with a thick, fleshy, bottle-shaped trunk covered in sharp spines. The leaves are narrow, dark green, and clustered at the tips of the branches. In summer, it produces dense clusters of bright yellow, trumpet-shaped flowers that contrast beautifully with the spiny stems. This plant is highly prized for its unusual caudiciform habit and striking floral display.

Tree peony

Paeonia suffruticosa

Tree peony is a deciduous shrub growing 1.5-2.5m tall with erect, woody stems. The compound leaves are dark green, divided into leaflets, providing a lush backdrop. In late spring, it produces enormous, bowl-shaped flowers up to 25cm across in shades of white, pink, red, purple, and yellow, often with a central boss of golden stamens. The blooms may be single, semi-double, or double, and many cultivars are fragrant. This plant is highly valued for its spectacular floral display and architectural form in the garden.

Golden Ball Cactus

Golden Ball Cactus

Parodia leninghausii

The golden ball cactus is a compact, slow-growing cactus with a usually solitary stem that is globose at first and becomes short-columnar with age. The pale green ribs are closely set with woolly areoles and bright golden-yellow spines, giving the whole plant a golden sheen. In late spring and summer mature plants bear pale yellow funnel-shaped flowers near the crown. Its neat, symmetrical habit and brilliant golden spination make it a popular houseplant cactus.

passion flower 'Incense'

passion flower 'Incense'

Passiflora 'Incense'

Vigorous evergreen climber about 3m tall, with deeply lobed rich green leaves. Fragrant, lacy, bowl-shaped violet-mauve flowers 12cm across with wavy coronal filaments, have white marks towards the base, are produced in summer, followed by ovoid, yellow edible but acidic fruit, to 8cm long in summer and autumn

Crimson passion flower

Crimson passion flower

Passiflora coccinea

Passiflora coccinea is a vigorous evergreen climber with tendrils and simple, ovate to lanceolate, glossy green leaves. It bears striking scarlet-red flowers in summer and autumn, each with a prominent corona of red filaments. The blooms are followed by small, globose fruit. It is grown chiefly for its exotic ornamental flowers and is well suited to a conservatory or warm greenhouse.

lemon geranium

Pelargonium crispum

A tender evergreen perennial, scented-leaved Pelargonium with wrinkled, fan-shaped, mid-green lemon-scented leaves and pale pink single flowers from spring to autumn.

Citronella plant

Citronella plant

Pelargonium graveolens

Pelargonium graveolens is a bushy evergreen subshrub with deeply lobed, softly hairy, grey-green leaves that release a warm rose- and citronella-like scent when touched. In summer, small pink, mauve or white flowers appear in loose clusters above the foliage. It is one of the most widely grown scented pelargoniums, valued for its aromatic leaves and often sold as a citronella or rose geranium. The plant is excellent for containers, sunny windowsills or sheltered, well-drained borders, but in cool climates it needs frost-free winter protection.

Red Fountain Grass

Red Fountain Grass

Pennisetum setaceum

Pennisetum setaceum, commonly known as Red Fountain Grass, is a clump-forming ornamental grass with narrow, arching leaves that are green to purplish-red. In late summer to autumn, it produces showy, feathery, reddish-pink flower spikes that rise above the foliage and cascade like a fountain. The plant reaches a height of 1 to 1.5 metres and spreads up to 0.5 to 1 metre. Its striking inflorescences and graceful habit make it a popular choice for adding texture and colour to borders and containers.