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PLANT ENCYCLOPEDIA

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Habanero Pepper

Habanero Pepper

Capsicum chinense

Capsicum chinense, commonly known as Habanero Pepper, is a bushy, upright annual or short-lived perennial reaching 60–120 cm in height. It features ovate to lanceolate, dark green leaves and small, white, star-shaped flowers that give way to distinctive, lantern-shaped fruits. The peppers mature from green to bright orange, red, or yellow and are among the hottest chili varieties, with a fruity, floral aroma. Its compact habit and vibrant fruits make it both an ornamental and culinary treasure.

parlour palm

Chamaedorea elegans

An evergreen palm, with slenderly stalked, pinnate leaves to 60cm in length, with up to 40 linear leaflets. Tiny yellow flowers are borne in terminal panicles, only on mature plants

Chinese hibiscus

Chinese hibiscus

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

A compact evergreen shrub with ovate to broadly lance-shaped glossy dark green leaves. Single 5-petalled flowers 10cm across with yellow anthered red stamens are produced from the leaf axils from summer to autumn, though in cultivation semi-double and double forms are available. Flower colour is also very variable in cultivation ranging from crimson to orange, yellow or white

hortensia

Hydrangea macrophylla

A large, rounded, deciduous shrub with rather coarse, oval, dark green leaves to 20cm long. In mid- and late summer produces large, flattened flowerheads consisting of a few sterile, pink florets with large petals and many small, fertile, blue or pink florets. There are many cultivars, in two group: lacecaps have a few large, sterile florets round the outside with many small fertile florets in the centre; mopheads consist mostly of large, sterile florets

Variegated Monstera

Variegated Monstera

Monstera deliciosa 'Albo-Variegata'

Monstera deliciosa 'Albo-Variegata' is a striking variegated form of the Swiss cheese plant, featuring large, glossy, heart-shaped leaves with deep fenestrations and creamy white or pale yellow marbled variegation. The plant grows as a climbing evergreen, producing aerial roots that attach to supports. Its bold foliage and dramatic colour pattern make it a favourite among indoor plant enthusiasts. This slow-growing cultivar maintains its variegation best under bright, indirect light.

rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

A bushy, evergreen shrub, variable in habit from prostrate to upright, from 15cm to 2m tall. Aromatic, linear, dark green leaves 1.5-5cm long have pale, felty undersides. Flowers usually pale violet-blue and white, can also be pinkish or blue-purple, flowering in mid-spring to summer with occasional flowers in autumn. Many selections and cultivars are available

Bougainvillea

Bougainvillea spectabilis

Bougainvillea spectabilis is a vigorous, evergreen woody climber with ovate leaves and clusters of small white flowers, each surrounded by three large, colorful bracts in shades of magenta, purple, pink, or orange. It can reach 3-8 meters in height if supported, with a sprawling or climbing habit. The showy bracts provide long-lasting color from spring through autumn, making it a popular ornamental in warm climates.

Pompon Chrysanthemum

Pompon Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium, commonly known as Pompon Chrysanthemum, is a compact, bushy perennial with dark green, lobed leaves. It produces numerous small, globular flower heads in shades of yellow, bronze, pink, red, or white, each composed of many tiny florets. The flowers appear in abundance from late summer to autumn, creating a dense, colourful mound. Its neat, rounded growth habit makes it ideal for formal bedding or container displays.

Croton

Codiaeum variegatum

Codiaeum variegatum, commonly known as croton, is a striking evergreen shrub grown primarily for its bold, leathery leaves. The leaves come in a dazzling array of colors including green, yellow, orange, red, and purple, often with variegated patterns and midribs. It has a bushy growth habit and can reach 1-3 meters indoors. The small, star-shaped flowers are insignificant compared to the foliage. It adds a tropical flair to any interior space.

curtain fig

Ficus microcarpa

A bushy evergreen shrub to 4m when grown in a container, with glossy dark green, ovate leaves; in warm climates grows into a large tree with abundant aerial roots

purple-heart spiderwort

purple-heart spiderwort

Tradescantia pallida

T. pallida is a trailing, slightly succulent perennial to 20cm in height, with narrowly oblong leaves to 15cm in length, glaucous green above, purplish beneath, and 3-petalled pink flowers 2-3cm across in summer

Queen Anthurium

Queen Anthurium

Anthurium warocqueanum

Anthurium warocqueanum, commonly known as the Queen Anthurium, is a stunning tropical foliage plant featuring large, velvety, deep green leaves with prominent silver veins. The leaves can grow up to 1 meter in length, giving the plant a majestic, architectural presence. It produces a typical anthurium inflorescence with a cream to greenish spathe and spadix, but is primarily grown for its magnificent foliage. This species is a slow-growing, epiphytic or terrestrial perennial that thrives in warm, humid environments.

king begonia

Begonia rex

R. rex is an evergreen perennial to 30cm, with large, obliquely ovate leaves which are metallic green with a silvery zone on the upper surface, reddish beneath; panicles of small pink flowers in winter

Dragon Tree

Dracaena reflexa

Dracaena reflexa is an evergreen shrub or small tree with slender, upright, often branching stems. Its glossy, lance-shaped leaves are arranged in loose rosettes and may be solid green or variegated with cream or yellow stripes, depending on the cultivar. Mature plants can produce panicles of small, star-shaped white or pinkish flowers with a light, sweet fragrance. Its sculptural silhouette and colourful foliage make it a popular low-maintenance houseplant.

Banana

Musa acuminata

Musa acuminata is a large, fast-growing perennial herbaceous plant with a pseudostem formed by tightly overlapping leaf bases. It produces huge, oblong to elliptic leaves that are bright green and can reach up to 3 meters in length. The inflorescence is a pendant spike with purple bracts and rows of female flowers that develop into the familiar curved, seedless banana fruits. The fruit is yellow when ripe, with a soft, sweet flesh. This species is the primary ancestor of most cultivated dessert bananas.

avocado

Persea americana

P. americana is a bushy evergreen shrub or small tree, with glossy, lance-shaped or elliptic leaves, rarely flowering in cultivation in temperate climates

African Violet

Saintpaulia ionantha

African Violet is a compact, stemless perennial with a rosette of hairy, oval to rounded leaves. It produces clusters of five-petaled flowers in shades of violet, pink, white, blue, or purple, often with yellow centers. The plant typically grows to 15 cm tall and wide, blooming repeatedly under proper care. Its long flowering period and variety of colors make it a popular indoor ornamental.

desert rose

Adenium obesum

A succulent, shrubby perennial with very swollen stem-like caudex tapering to a branched apex bearing small clusters of red, pink or white flowers, which open before the ovate leaves

giant taro

Alocasia macrorrhizos

A tropical rhizomatous perennial grown for its huge, glossy mid-green leaves. The leaf blades have pale green veins and can reach 1.2m long; they are carried on erect leaf stalks to 1.2m tall. It may produce a pale green flower in summer. Giant taro is widely naturalised and cultivated in tropical areas as a food crop, although it requires a long cooking time before it is safe to eat. In cool climates it makes an interesting conservatory plant

Anthurium

Anthurium magnificum

Anthurium magnificum is an evergreen perennial grown for its striking foliage. It forms a clump of large, velvety, dark green leaves with prominent silver-white veins. The leaf blades are broadly ovate and can reach 60 cm in length, giving the plant a lush, tropical appearance. Its inflorescence is a typical anthurium spathe and spadix, but it is the foliage that provides the main ornamental value.

fern asparagus

Asparagus setaceus

A bushy tuberous perennial developing twining stems to 2.5m tall, with fine feathery bright green foliage, small white flowers and deep purple berries

elephant's foot

elephant's foot

Beaucarnea recurvata

An evergreen perennial to 2m or more, forming a bulbous trunk-like stem bearing a dense rosette of spreading to recurved, sword-shaped leaves to 1m in length. Panicles of small white flowers are rarely produced

Rex Begonia

Begonia rex-cultorum

Rex Begonias are grown primarily for their striking, asymmetrical leaves which display a whirl of colors including silver, green, pink, red, and purple. The leaves are often textured with hairy surfaces and wavy margins, forming a dense, bushy clump. Although they produce small pink or white flowers in summer, their main ornamental value lies in the vibrant foliage. This compact plant typically reaches 30-50 cm in height and spread, making it ideal for indoor displays.

Callisia repens

Callisia repens

Callisia repens

A species of tender evergreen perennial with a trailing habit, forming mats of branching stems that root at the nodes, with broadly ovate, slightly fleshy, pointed green leaves to 4cm long. Clusters of tiny white flowers are borne in the leaf axils of ascending stems in late spring and early summer